| Title |
Fluorinated Compounds in U.S. Fast Food Packaging
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Environmental Science & Technology Letters, February 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1021/acs.estlett.6b00435 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Laurel A. Schaider, Simona A. Balan, Arlene Blum, David Q. Andrews, Mark J. Strynar, Margaret E. Dickinson, David M. Lunderberg, Johnsie R. Lang, Graham F. Peaslee |
| Abstract |
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are highly persistent synthetic chemicals, some of which have been associated with cancer, developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, and other health effects. PFASs in grease-resistant food packaging can leach into food and increase dietary exposure. We collected ~400 samples of food contact papers, paperboard containers, and beverage containers from fast food restaurants throughout the United States and measured total fluorine using particle-induced γ-ray emission (PIGE) spectroscopy. PIGE can rapidly and inexpensively measure total fluorine in solid-phase samples. We found that 46% of food contact papers and 20% of paperboard samples contained detectable fluorine (>16 nmol/cm2). Liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of a subset of 20 samples found perfluorocarboxylates, perfluorosulfonates, and other known PFASs and/or unidentified polyfluorinated compounds (based on nontargeted analysis). The total peak area for PFASs was higher in 70% of samples (10 of 14) with a total fluorine level of >200 nmol/cm2 compared to six samples with a total fluorine level of <16 nmol/cm2. Samples with high total fluorine levels but low levels of measured PFASs may contain volatile PFASs, PFAS polymers, newer replacement PFASs, or other fluorinated compounds. The prevalence of fluorinated chemicals in fast food packaging demonstrates their potentially significant contribution to dietary PFAS exposure and environmental contamination during production and disposal. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 165 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 57 | 35% |
| Japan | 9 | 5% |
| Argentina | 7 | 4% |
| Canada | 5 | 3% |
| United Kingdom | 4 | 2% |
| Germany | 4 | 2% |
| Peru | 3 | 2% |
| Brazil | 2 | 1% |
| Spain | 2 | 1% |
| Other | 9 | 5% |
| Unknown | 63 | 38% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 131 | 79% |
| Scientists | 17 | 10% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 9 | 5% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 8 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 498 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 498 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 99 | 20% |
| Researcher | 60 | 12% |
| Student > Master | 54 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 36 | 7% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 28 | 6% |
| Other | 77 | 15% |
| Unknown | 144 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 89 | 18% |
| Chemistry | 72 | 14% |
| Engineering | 45 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 24 | 5% |
| Unspecified | 18 | 4% |
| Other | 85 | 17% |
| Unknown | 165 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2202. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 02 November 2023.
All research outputs
#3,906
of 25,617,409 outputs
Outputs from Environmental Science & Technology Letters
#3
of 957 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#57
of 426,430 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Environmental Science & Technology Letters
#2
of 22 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,617,409 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 957 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 61.2. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 22 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its contemporaries.